CSS CS Optional — Paper-I, Section-B, Topic V.

🔑 What It Covers

• Translates validated requirements ("what") into a blueprint for "how" system is built.
• Bridges Requirements Engineering → Implementation.

📌 Design Process Activities

• Architectural design — overall structure, major components → own page.
• Interface design — how components talk to each other + to users.
• Component/detailed design — internal logic of each module.
• Database design — data structures & storage.

📌 Underlying Principles (see Software Design Strategies page)

• Abstraction
• Modularity
• Coupling / Cohesion
• Information hiding

📌 Iterative Nature

• Design is rarely one pass — revisited as constraints (cost, staffing, tech) get clearer.
• Loops back with requirements validation (see Process Models).

⚠️ MCQ Trap

• Design ≠ only UI/visuals — it's the full blueprint: architecture + data + interfaces.