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Updated: 9 September 2026. Two of the three crises below have moved sharply since mid-August. The Gaza ceasefire is now warned to be nearing a "point of no return" (26 Aug 2026 UN briefing), and the 2026 Iran War resumed active fighting on 30 August 2026 after a month of relative quiet (see the dedicated Iran War page for the latest strikes). Do not present either as a settled, holding ceasefire in your exam. New this week: the International Stabilization Force (ISF) — meant to be the plan's enforcement backbone — is real but barely deployed; only a token international presence is on the ground, and US envoy Jared Kushner has publicly blamed the stall on Israel's upcoming election.

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Answer Structure for This Topic

1. Three-part structure: (A) Gaza Peace Plan (B) US-Israel-Iran War (C) Global Energy Crisis
2. For each: background → key developments/timeline → current status → significance/Pakistan angle
3. Conclusion: show how all three are interconnected (one regional crisis, three examinable angles)

A. Gaza Peace Plan (Trump's 20-Point Plan & Board of Peace)

Background

• Israel's war in Gaza followed the 7 October 2023 Hamas-led attack (killed ~1,200, took 250+ hostages); Israel's subsequent offensive killed tens of thousands, displaced Gaza's population
• Trump's Comprehensive Plan proposed 29 September 2025; a 20-point roadmap to end the conflict
• October 2025: Israel and Hamas agreed to an initial ceasefire (effective 10 October 2025) — Phase One
• November 2025: UN Security Council Resolution 2803 endorsed the plan, giving it international legal backing

Phase One (Oct 2025 – Jan 2026)

• Ceasefire held with mixed success
• Hamas returned remains of the last hostage from the 2023 attacks — confirmed by Israel in January 2026, fulfilling Phase One's core term

Phase Two: Board of Peace (from mid-January 2026)

• 16 January 2026: White House announced structure for Phase Two — "from ceasefire to demilitarization, technocratic governance, and reconstruction"
• National Committee for the Administration of Gaza (NCAG): 15 Palestinian technocrats tasked with restoring public services, rebuilding civil institutions, stabilizing daily life, laying foundation for long-term self-governance
• Board of Peace: chaired by President Trump; inaugural meeting held at the U.S. Institute of Peace, Washington DC (19 February 2026)
• Founding Executive Board members include: Secretary of State Marco Rubio, Special Envoy Steve Witkoff, Jared Kushner, former UK PM Tony Blair, World Bank President Ajay Banga, Apollo Global CEO Marc Rowan, Turkish FM Hakan Fidan, Qatari diplomat Ali Al-Thawadi, and others